That comet? 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
It finally accomplished that goal earlier this month — getting into the comet's orbit. But it's not done yet.
This November, Rosetta will deploy a small probe that, if successful, will land on the comet — the first time we've ever made contact with a comet (intentionally).
Before Rosetta, we knew comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as just a speck of light — as we do most comets. It's hard to really see what a comet is like because comets are extremely small. Here's what 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko looks like from Earth:
ESAThis
image of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko was taken on Aug. 11 using one
of the 8-meter telescopes of ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile.But as soon as Rosetta reached the space rock, it started snapping pictures of the comet, unveiling for the first time the ominously alien, mountainous world, the likes of which humans have never seen before. Here's what it looked like from Rosetta's point of view as Rosetta approached the comet:
ESAThe animation below depicts the comet as Rosetta approached it during a one-week period in August 2014.Here you can see part of the Rosetta craft with the dumbbell-shaped comet in the background. Rosetta will continue to lower its orbit ever closer to the comet until it is about one kilometer, less than a mile, away from the surface of the space rock. And that's when it will dispatch a tiny lander, named Philae.
ESARosetta is getting closer by the day to the surface of the comet. This image was taken just 38 miles from the surface — you can clearly see the jagged cliffs and boulders of the dumbbell-shaped comet. The left half of the image is a profile of the comet's body and the right half is the back of the comet's head, near the landing site of Rosetta's probe.
Another close up, taken Sunday, was shot about 19 miles from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Scientists were surprised they found no traces of water ice on the comet's black-as-coal surface. The comet only looks grey because of the intense blackness of space behind it. 
ESAFour-image NAVCAM mosaic of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko taken on Sunday.On Monday, ESA scientists announced where the Philae lander would attempt to touch down. The location, simply dubbed "Site J," is located on the head of the comet and was selected among five final candidate landing locations. 
ESAThe backup site for Philae will be "Site C," located on the body of the comet. Site J, however, offers minimum risk to the lander compared with other candidate sites.
ESA
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